《植物生理学报》 2010, 46(2): 125-130

不同发育时期水曲柳种子的形态生理变化及其层积处理后的萌发效应

张鹏, 沈海龙*

东北林业大学林学院, 林木遗传育种与生物技术教育部重点实验室, 哈尔滨150040

通信作者：沈海龙；E-mail: shenhl-cf@nefu.edu.cn；Tel: 0451-82191 044

摘　要：

探讨不同发育时期水曲柳种子的外部形态和生理变化及其层积处理后的萌发效应结果表明: 水曲柳开花120 d后为 成熟脱水阶段, 开花 110 d 后种子的胚长和胚乳干重趋于稳定, 花后110~120 d 期间种子胚干重趋于稳定; 花后70~100 d 采 集的种子不耐层积, 层积处理后逐渐死亡, 花后110 d采集的种子经层积处理后可以萌发; 110 d后采集的水曲柳种子经暖温 (20 ℃) 16 周+ 低温(5 ℃) 12 周的层积处理后, 其休眠破除的效果较好, 适当延长暖温层积时间有利于提高种子萌发率。

关键词：水曲柳; 种子发育; 形态生理变化; 萌发能力

收稿：2009-10-19   修定：2009-12-28

资助：黑龙江省青年科学基金(QC07C62)。

Morphological and Physiological Changes of Manchurian Ash (Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr.) Seeds Collected at Different Developmental Periods and Its Germination Responses after Stratification

ZHANG Peng, SHEN Hai-Long*

Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

Corresponding author: SHEN Hai-Long; E-mail: shenhl-cf@nefu.edu.cn; Tel: 0451-82191 044

Abstract:

Exteriorly morphological and physiological changes of Manchurian ash (Fraxinus mandshurica) seeds collected at different developmental periods and their germination after stratification were discussed in this paper. The results showed that the Manchurian ash seeds reached desiccation and dehydration stage at 120 d after flowering. The embryo length and endosperm dry weight of seeds were tending towards stability from 110 d after flowering, while embryo dry weight of seeds was tending towards stability since 110 to 120 d after flowering. The seeds collected at 70 to 110 d after flowering died gradually during stratification; however, the seeds collected from 120 d after flowering could germinate normally after stratification. Stratification at 5 ℃ for 12 weeks following at 20 ℃ for 16 weeks was better for seeds collected from 110 d after flowering, and proper prolonged warm pretreatment period was optimal to germination for seeds collected ahead of complete maturity.

Key words: Fraxinus mandshurica; seed development; morpho-physiological change; germination capacity